考研英語(yǔ)常考詞匯辨析（9）

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respectable, respectful, respective

這是一組形近易混詞。

respectable a.值得尊敬的，有好名聲的。

They are respectable people who are liked and trusted in their town.他們?cè)诩亦l(xiāng)是受人們敬愛(ài)和信任的人。

respectful a.尊敬他人的，恭敬的。

Students and teachers should have a respectful attitude toward each other.師生應(yīng)該相互彬彬有禮。

respective a.單個(gè)的，分別的。

revolve, evolve, involve

revolve v.旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

The room began to revolve , then he fainted.屋子開(kāi)始旋轉(zhuǎn)，然后他就昏倒了。

evolve v.發(fā)展，演變。

Agriculture evolved slowly over thousands of years.幾千年來(lái)，農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展得很緩慢。

involve v.需要，包含;使卷入，牽涉。

Getting a driver's license involves learning how to drive, studying the rules of the road, and taking a test.要得到駕駛執(zhí)照需要學(xué)習(xí)開(kāi)車，學(xué)習(xí)交通規(guī)則，還要經(jīng)過(guò)考試。

sanction, sanitation

sanction n.認(rèn)可，準(zhǔn)許，批準(zhǔn)。

I need my parents' sanction to stay out late.我晚回家需要得到父母的批準(zhǔn)。

sanitation n.公共衛(wèi)生，環(huán)境衛(wèi)生，衛(wèi)生設(shè)備。

Strict sanitation is used in businesses such as barber shops and restaurants.在理發(fā)店和餐館等營(yíng)業(yè)場(chǎng)所執(zhí)行嚴(yán)格的公共衛(wèi)生制度。

scenery, scene, view, landscape

這一組名詞都有"景色"的意思。

scenery n.風(fēng)景，景色，舞臺(tái)布景，強(qiáng)調(diào)從美的角度看，某個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的總體外貌。

Each year, we spend our vacation in the mountains and enjoy the scenery.我們每年到山區(qū)渡假，并欣賞那里的風(fēng)景。

scene n.指從遠(yuǎn)處看到的某一具體景色、景象，也可以指人物的活動(dòng)場(chǎng)面;(犯罪的)地點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。

They stood gazing the happy scene of children playing in the park.他們站在那里，注視著孩子們?cè)诠珗@里玩耍的場(chǎng)景。

view n.指從遠(yuǎn)處或窗戶看到的視野范圍內(nèi)的風(fēng)景;觀點(diǎn)，看法。

Our house has a view of the park.我們的房子可以看到公園的景色。

landscape n. (自然的)風(fēng)景，景色;風(fēng)景畫。

The landscape seen from the mountains is green and beautiful.站在群山之巔看到的是一片美麗的綠色。

sensible, sensitive, sentimental, sensational

這是一組形近易混詞。

sensible a.有知覺(jué)的，可感知的;明智的。

The patient was speechless but still sensible.病人雖然不能說(shuō)話但仍然有知覺(jué)。

sensitive a.敏感的，靈敏的。

This film is sensitive to light.這種膠片對(duì)光很敏感。

sentimental a.多愁善感的，感傷的。

The novel has scenes full of love and loss; it is so sentimental!小說(shuō)有多處場(chǎng)景充滿愛(ài)情的悲歡離合，真是感傷啊!

sensational a.聳人聽(tīng)聞的，令人激動(dòng)的。

I read a sensational story about a ten-year-old mother.我聽(tīng)到一則聳人聽(tīng)聞的故事：十歲女孩做媽媽。

technological, technical

這是一組形近易混詞。

technological a.技術(shù)上的。

a major technological breakthrough主要技術(shù)性突破

technical a.技術(shù)的，工藝(學(xué))的;專門的，深?yuàn)W的。

The banker made some technical points about the economy in his speech.銀行家在他的關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)的演說(shuō)中提出了幾個(gè)很專業(yè)的論點(diǎn)。

transaction, transition, transmission, transformation, transfer

這是一組在考研和CET-6中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的形近易混詞。

transaction n.交易行為，處理。

Transactions of shares on the stock exchange were up today.

今天證券交易所的股票成交額上升了。

transition n. (從一種情況到另一種的)過(guò)渡，更替。

The transition from high school to college can be difficult for students.對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，從中學(xué)到大學(xué)的過(guò)渡會(huì)是困難的。

transmission n.傳播(比如疾病);廣播。

The transmission of germs can occur by contact, breathing, and eating.細(xì)菌通過(guò)接觸、呼吸和飲食傳播。

transformation n. (外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變，改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變。

His character seems to have undergone a complete transformation since his marriage.他結(jié)婚之后性格判若兩人。

transfer n.轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓;(工作的)調(diào)動(dòng);(旅途中的)換乘，改變路線。

The club's goalkeeper isn't happy here, and has asked a transfer.這個(gè)足球俱樂(lè)部的守門員在此過(guò)得不愉快，已經(jīng)要求轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)到其他俱樂(lè)部。