句一:Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible.這句話的難點在于動詞的鑒別,involved rendered 看起來是兩個動詞,這樣是不合語法的,除非之間有連詞連接,另外一種情況就是其中一個是非謂語動詞,只有一個謂語動詞,一般在考研語法中,名詞后邊的過去分詞、現在分詞、不定式都是來修飾名詞的,因此名詞workmen后邊的過去分詞involved是來修飾名詞workmen的,因而真正的謂語是rendered。參考翻譯:事實上單就公司的經營規模和雇傭的工人數量而言,就建立這種私人關系不太可能。
句二:We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. Are led to被引導。翻譯中往往被動譯為主動,“得以”是常用的方式。句子主干是we are thus led to distinguish a more formal kind of education.within the broad educational process做狀語,which......considering是來修飾process的定語,that......schooling是前邊education的同位語。So far與完成時態連用,表示動作一直持續到現在,這里表示一直在討論中。該句是說我們進而得以在一直討論的廣義教育過程中去區分一種更加正式的教育,也就是直接講授或學校教育。
句三:Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collection to which a sample is compared.第一句話,critics是主語argue是謂語,that后面是賓語從句,然后to which 引導的是修飾collections的定語從句,因為compare的固定用法是compare to/with sth, 在which引導從句時候compare后面的to提到了which前面。評論家也指出商業的基因檢測僅僅和類似作為樣本的參考搜集一樣。