【例句1】You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction,that by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense,manage to extract from nature certain natural laws,and that out of these,by some special skill of their own,they build up their theories.
【解析】句子的框架是You have all heard it…that…,that…,and that…。句中的it是形式賓語,真正的賓語是后面的三個并列分句:(1)that men of science work…and deduction;(2)that by the help of these operations,they…manage to…certain natural laws;(3)and that…,they…their theories.在第二個分句中,they指代前面的men of science,these operations指前文的means of induction and deduction;在第三個分句中,代詞these指代第二個分句中的certain natural laws.