3、省略賓語Which of them is the better choice?-Well, it’s hard to say (it).;
4、省略主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分),只剩下表語、賓語、狀語或其他成分What a pity (it is) you can’t go to the lecture.
5、還有省略不定式、省略冠詞等等。
二、并列句中的省略。
在并列結構中,如果后半句出現and, but, neither, either, nor, so, too時,后一分句與前一分句相同的部分可以省略。【例:Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did “not live in a political vacuum” but “in the real world” and that Europe could yet develop different rules. 在該句中謂語動詞warn后接兩個并列的that引導的賓從。第一個從句中使用了not…but…”不是…而是…”句型,but后省略了與not后相同的動詞live.】
由whenever, whatever, wherever, however, no matter how/what/when/where以及whether…or等引導的狀語從句,也常常發生省略情況。【例子:But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.在這句when引導的條件狀從中,因從句的主語與主句的主語相同,都為today’s social indices,故when后省略主語和be動詞。這句話可翻譯成尤其如果將當下的社會指數放在美國動蕩的歷史環境中來看,會發現這些指數并未表示一個黑暗而惡化的社會環境。】
五、在定語從句中的省略
1、在限制性定語從句中可省略作賓語的關系代詞whom,which,that. 例句:That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.
2、在direction(方向),way(方式),distance(距離),time(時間),times(倍數)等會面所接的定義從句中常省略that ,which, in which. 例句:The direction (in which) we move a body can be changed.