考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作句式指導(dǎo)：以萬(wàn)變應(yīng)不變

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作文是各類(lèi)英語(yǔ)考試中得分較低的一種題型，究其原因，除了平時(shí)缺少練習(xí)之外，同學(xué)們還缺乏作文得分技巧。同學(xué)們需要掌握一定的作文模板和熟悉大量的話題作文，純模板會(huì)很僵化缺乏彈性，而話題作文可以更好的拓展思維，例如話題寫(xiě)作160篇里的高分佳句很實(shí)用。考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的提高需要大量細(xì)節(jié)的分析和磨練，其中一個(gè)重要的主題是關(guān)于英語(yǔ)創(chuàng)作的重要規(guī)律——seeking variety (追求語(yǔ)言豐富多變)。如何追求變化？下面英語(yǔ)教研室楊老師舉幾個(gè)具體的例子，從各種角度給出句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方式，提供一些思路。如果能在作文中設(shè)置一些詞匯和句型的閃光點(diǎn)，必定使你的作文如虎添翼。

一、注意段首句式的變化

圖畫(huà)作文的段首句往往是“如圖所示”或“從圖畫(huà)中可以看出”之類(lèi)，下面為經(jīng)常采用的一些句型：

As is shown in the picture,

As can be seen from the picture,

It is vividly shown in the picture that……

We can see in this picture that ……

It is of considerable interest to see in the bizarre picture that……

二、適當(dāng)用被動(dòng)替換主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀地反映事實(shí)。

句子開(kāi)頭不要總是用we / I (比如寫(xiě)結(jié)尾時(shí)不用we should pay attention to而用Attent

ion should be paid to. ) 舉個(gè)經(jīng)典結(jié)尾的例子：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively。

三、一句話用不同的句式來(lái)表達(dá)

為了加強(qiáng)同學(xué)們對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)在寫(xiě)作中的靈活應(yīng)用，下面給出一句話的14種句式及語(yǔ)言

調(diào)整的效果，內(nèi)容上沒(méi)有太大差異，但是請(qǐng)同學(xué)們仔細(xì)辨別每句話所側(cè)重的句式：

1.使用表語(yǔ)從句

The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard, and being shocked at the message. The reason is that the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”。

2.使用介詞短語(yǔ)

In the picture, two people are reading the announcement and they are being shocked at the message of “a sale of dead bodies” on a billboard。

3.使用疑問(wèn)句

The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. Why are they so shocked? The reason is that the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”。

4.使用原因狀語(yǔ)從句

The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. As the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”， they are shocked at the message。

5.使用結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. The billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” so that they are shocked at the message。

6.使用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

In the picture, while the two people are reading the announcement on the billboard about “a sale of the dead bodies”， they are being deeply shocked。

7.使用分詞短語(yǔ)

In the picture, reading the message of a ‘sale of the dead bodies” advertised on the billboard, the two people are deeply shocked。

8.使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

In the picture, the announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” shocks the two people reading it。

9.使用There be 結(jié)構(gòu)

In the picture, there is an announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” and shocking the two people reading it。

10.使用倒裝句

On a billboard is an announcement advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”. The two people reading it are being shocked。

11.使用定語(yǔ)從句

In the picture, the announcement on a billboard which advertises a “sale of the dead bodies” shocks the two people reading it。

12.強(qiáng)調(diào)句

In the picture, it is the announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” that shocks the two people reading it。

13.虛擬語(yǔ)氣

In the picture, were it not for the announcement on the billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”， the two people would not be so shocked。

四。盡量復(fù)雜作文中的句式

It is of considerable interest to observe in this bizarre caricature that a couple of citizens, reading an announcement issued on the billboard, are taken aback as a result of the astounding message which informs people of a “sale of dead bodies”。

句中使用的詞組包括：be of considerable interest, a couple of, taken aback, as a result of, inform sb. of

長(zhǎng)句采用的特殊語(yǔ)法包括：賓語(yǔ)從句+分詞結(jié)構(gòu)做插入語(yǔ)+分詞作后置定語(yǔ)(issued)+被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)+原因短語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)從句。

以下是一些詞語(yǔ)替換的例子，各位同學(xué)可以參考一下：

1.individuals, characters, folks替換people ,persons。

2.positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替換good。

3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替換bad (如果bad做表語(yǔ)，可以用be less impressive替換)

Eg.：An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive。

4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most替換many。

注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。

Eg.：Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that…。同理用most…if not all 替換most。

5.a slice of, quiet a few 替換some。

6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that替換think (因?yàn)槭菚?shū)面語(yǔ)，所以要加that)。

7.affair ,business ,matter 替換thing。

8.shared 替代 common 。

9.reap huge fruits 替換get many benefits。

10.for my part ,from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion。

11.Increasing(ly)，growing 替換more and more( 注意沒(méi)有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing。修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly。)

Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth。

12.little if anything或little or nothing替換hardly。

13.beneficial, rewarding替換helpful。

14.shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替換customer。

15.overwhelmingly,.exceedingly,.extremely, intensely 替換very。

16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替換 unnecessary, avoidable。

17.indispensable替換necessary

18.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換sb take interest in / sb. be interested in。

19.capture one's attention替換attract one's attention。

20.facet, dimension, sphere代aspect。

21.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear。

22.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替換cause。

23.There are several reasons behind sth 替換..reasons for sth。

24.desire 替換want。

25.pour attention into 替換pay attention to。

26.bear in mind that 替換remember。

27. enjoy, possess 替換have(注意process是過(guò)程的意思)。

28.interaction替換communication。

29.frown on sth替換 be against , disagree with sth 。

30.to name only a few, as an example替換 for example, for instance。

31. next to / virtually impossible替換nearly / almost impossible。

32.regarding/concerning 替換about。

33.crucial/paramount 替換important。

34.第一(in the first place/the first and foremost)；第二(there is one more point ,I should touch on, that…。)；第三(the last but not the least)。

35. assiduous替換hard-working

36.arduous替換difficult

37.underdeveloped/financially-challenged 替換poor(因?yàn)閜oor通常含有貶義)

38.demonstrate /manifest 替換show

39.invariably 替換always

40.perilous/hazardous替換dangerous(寫(xiě)社會(huì)類(lèi)作文時(shí)常用，說(shuō)什么社會(huì)現(xiàn)象是不好的，有害的)

41.formidable 替換difficult

42.quintessential 替換typical(舉例時(shí)常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance)

43.distinguished 替換famous

44.feasible替換possible

45.consequently, accordingly替換so

豐富多變的句式讓你的作文看起來(lái)專(zhuān)業(yè)而地道，那么從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們隨意選上兩句話開(kāi)始brainstorm，對(duì)這些句子搞個(gè)外科手術(shù)吧，挑戰(zhàn)極限，一試身手，豐富多彩的語(yǔ)言一定會(huì)為你的作文加分不少！