比爾蓋茨清華大學(xué)演講——前路所在：同中國(guó)一起創(chuàng)新

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When I visited here in 1997—10 years ago—I was very impressed by the talent, the enthusiasm and the creativity of the students that I met at Tsinghua. And it inspired me to support Microsoft in creating a research lab here in Beijing.

我上次到訪清華還是在10年前的1997年，當(dāng)時(shí)清華學(xué)子的天資聰穎、熱情洋溢 和富于創(chuàng)新的精神就給我留下了深刻的印象。因此這也促使我決心在北京設(shè)立一個(gè) 微軟研究所。

That research lab has gone on to incredible success, led by Harry Shum and joined by top university graduates from this school and others. It’s made huge contributions to Microsoft. And if you look at various conferences getting together to discuss the state-of-the-art issues, the researchers from this lab are making huge contributions. Or if you look at the products, even the recent Windows Vista or Office 2007，we have substantial innovations in those products. 

這個(gè)研究所是由沈向陽(yáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以及眾多清華及其他一流大學(xué)畢業(yè)生參與的。它獲 得了不可思議的成功。這個(gè)研究所為微軟作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。如果你們留心觀察各種 關(guān)于討論最前沿話題的會(huì)議時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個(gè)研究所的研究人員在這些問(wèn)題的解決 上作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。或者只稍看一下這些產(chǎn)品’例如最近新出的Windows Vista系統(tǒng)或 是Office 2007，都有著實(shí)質(zhì)性的創(chuàng)新成分。 

This is an incredible time to be a student at this University. The frontiers of science，including computer science, have never been nearer. The opportunity to improve people’s lives in every way has never been stronger. 

現(xiàn)在能在這所學(xué)校就讀是再好不過(guò)的時(shí)機(jī)了。包括計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)在內(nèi)的前沿學(xué)科 領(lǐng)域從未離我們?nèi)绱酥母鱾€(gè)方面來(lái)提高人們生活的機(jī)遇也從未如此之多。 

We’ve really just scratched the surface of the digital revolution. Yes, we have about a billion personal computers that are connected up to the Internet. And we’ve already started to transform the way people think studying information and sharing information. But there are so much more that we can do. 

我們真的只不過(guò)是觸及到數(shù)字革命的表層而已。我們已經(jīng)有大約10億臺(tái)個(gè)人電 腦可以連接上網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并且巳經(jīng)開(kāi)始改變?nèi)藗儗W(xué)習(xí)信息和分享信息的方式。但是我們 需要做的還很多。 

The exponential improvement in not only the processor transistors but also what we have in storage or optic fiber bandwidth give us an opportunity to apply software that can work in a far more powerful way. 

處理器的晶體管中以及存儲(chǔ)和光纖帶寬中的指數(shù)的進(jìn)步，給了我們機(jī)會(huì)去使用 軟件，從而使工作更加得心應(yīng)手。 

For example, when we think about TV Today it’s just a passive，non-interactive situation, but that’s in the process of changing： changing so that you can get any show that you want on the Internet, changing so that it can be interactive so that you can learn as you go home, changing so that the flexibility even to talk and collaborate with others will be part of that experience. 

例如，當(dāng)我們想到電視的時(shí)候。目前，電視僅僅是一種被動(dòng)且缺少互動(dòng)的形 式，但這個(gè)過(guò)程正在發(fā)生著變化,變化就是你現(xiàn)在可以在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上看到所有想看的節(jié) 目，變化就是這些節(jié)目可以變得能夠互動(dòng)，你可以一回到家就開(kāi)始進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，變化 就是你可以自由地掌控同人的交流及合作。 

If you think about product design—and products are going to be designed digitally. I spent several hours yesterday at the Agricultural Rice Institute talking with the experts there about how they are using software technology to sequence different rice varieties. And they’re optimistic that they can come up with new varieties that will require less fertilizer, less water and yet increase the yield. And its advances like that that really reach out and change the lives not just of those of us who work in technology but people everywhere. 

比如你想到一個(gè)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)——而這些產(chǎn)品就將被設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)字化。昨天在農(nóng)科院，我就花了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)同那里的專(zhuān)家們討論怎樣運(yùn)用軟件技術(shù)來(lái)給不同的水稻品 種進(jìn)行排列。并且他們相信自己能夠找到新的水稻品種，這種新品種對(duì)肥料和水分 的需求更少、但同時(shí)卻獲得更高的產(chǎn)量。這種進(jìn)步，這種改變，真正關(guān)系到各地各 處的每個(gè)人，而不僅僅只和像我們這樣的、只從事技術(shù)行業(yè)的人有關(guān)。 
The advances in medicine are dependent on software, software that can manage the databases and understand the complex systems. Fm very optimistic that we can make big breakthroughs based on what software will provide. 

醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步也要依靠軟件，軟件可以構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并且理解復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)程 序。我相信我們?cè)谲浖夹g(shù)的支持上能取得很大的突破。 

And if you think about your mobile phone going from being just a voice device to being something that can be a “digital wallet”，that can show you maps and you’ll be able to talk to it and ask for information and it will go out to the Internet and find the things that you’re interested in. 

你們?cè)囅胍幌拢约旱氖謾C(jī)從一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的傳播聲音的工具變成了所謂的“數(shù)字 錢(qián)包”，并且還可以被拿來(lái)當(dāng)?shù)貓D使用，你甚至可以跟手機(jī)對(duì)話，詢(xún)問(wèn)相關(guān)信息， 手機(jī)會(huì)上網(wǎng)找到你感興趣的信息。 

In terms of learning, by creating what we call the “student tablet” that will be very inexpensive and the size of a tablet but wirelessly connected to the Internet and able to record your voice or recognize your ink handwriting and yet provide learning experiences that are far more effective—and in fact bringing together all of the world’s knowledge on the Internet in a very attractive form. Teachers will be able to see the world's best lectures, and they’ll be able to see the best materials and for the first time start to share with each other. And so for anyone who wants to learn or wants to teach，it will be a very, very different world. 

關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)，我們發(fā)明了 “學(xué)生寫(xiě)字板”，這是一種價(jià)格便宜并且大小相當(dāng)于一 個(gè)寫(xiě)字板的工具，它可以用來(lái)無(wú)線上網(wǎng)，能夠錄下你的聲音，識(shí)別你的筆跡，還可 以提供學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)使你學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)更有效率——事實(shí)上這種寫(xiě)字板巳經(jīng)把在全球范圍內(nèi) 發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上的知識(shí)用一種吸引人的方式整合起來(lái)。老師們將能看到世界上最棒的講座，他們還可以看到最好的教學(xué)素材并第一次開(kāi)始同他人分享。對(duì)于任何一個(gè)想學(xué) 習(xí)或想當(dāng)老師的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種工具使他們的世界都變得不同了。 

We certainly have some very tough and interesting problems that I know the students here will be making breakthroughs in. Writing software that’s reliable, that’s totally secure, software that can handle parallel execution, software that’s very easy to use and software that can solve some very tough problems，for example problems of artificial intelligence that we’ve already spent many decades working on. And so this is an amazing time to be working in the sciences and particularly in computer science. 

我們當(dāng)然也面臨著一些棘手但又很有趣的問(wèn)題，我知道在座的同學(xué)們將會(huì)解決 這些難題。我們的輸入軟件是非常安全可靠的，軟件可以平行執(zhí)行，操作簡(jiǎn)易并且 一些難題已經(jīng)得到了解決，例如人工智能。我們巳經(jīng)花費(fèi)了數(shù)十年對(duì)此進(jìn)行研究。所以現(xiàn)在是在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，尤其是在計(jì)算機(jī)領(lǐng)域工作的一個(gè)絕佳的時(shí)期。 

It’s also an amazing time to this country. What’s going on in China and the growth of its economy with incredible contributions not just within the country but to the global economy as well~you know, starting to be a very major contributor in all the sciences, advances in the medical drugs，advances in computer science. China will start to play a very substantial role, and part of that is the investments that have been made in having world-class universities, of which Tsinghua is really the shining example. 

對(duì)于中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)這也是個(gè)絕佳的時(shí)機(jī)。中國(guó)發(fā)生的事情和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)不僅對(duì) 中國(guó)本身甚至對(duì)世界都有著令人難以置信的貢獻(xiàn)——中國(guó)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始成為所有學(xué)科中 的主要貢獻(xiàn)者，例如在醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域中的進(jìn)步，計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步。中國(guó)將會(huì)開(kāi)始 扮演一個(gè)十分重要的角色，并且擁有世界一流大學(xué)就是最好的投資，而清華就是一 個(gè)耀眼的例子。 

For Microsoft, we have a commitment to work with our partners here and make them successful, to make sure that there are literally hundreds of software start-ups that not only sell in the market here but sell to the entire world. 

對(duì)微軟來(lái)說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)承諾同我們的伙伴進(jìn)行合作，并且也獲得了成功。我們必須確保數(shù)百個(gè)軟件啟動(dòng)程序不僅僅在本地，而是在全球市場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行銷(xiāo)售。 

We also want to make sure that the digital advances are available to all the citizens. And so whether it’s displaced workers or migrants or people who have disabilities—for example blind people—trying to use the computer, there are these special programs that we can put together to make sure that software really isn’t just for the few but really is about empowering everyone. A good example of that is the 170 Hope Cyber Schools where we provided lots of training. 

我們也想要確保數(shù)字進(jìn)步能為全體公民提供便利。因此不管是工人、移民還 是殘疾人——比如盲人，都可以嘗試使用電腦，我們可以將一些特殊的程序放到一 起，旨在確保軟件不只是為一部分人服務(wù)，而是讓所有人都變得強(qiáng)大。一個(gè)最好的 例子就是170所希望網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校，在那里會(huì)提供很多的培訓(xùn)。 

This commitment to think long-term and this commitment to the future is something that the Chinese Government, this University and Microsoft all share. And so the opportunity of working together on new curriculum, faculty exchange: these have strengthened all three of our institutions. 

我們的這個(gè)承諾是關(guān)注長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益并且是面向未來(lái)的，這也是中國(guó)政府，清華大 學(xué)和微軟共同的想法。這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)可以在新的課程上進(jìn)行合作并交換師資：這些會(huì)讓 我們?nèi)蕉寄艿玫教岣摺?nbsp;

In the last several years，over 2,000 students from 100 Asian universities have worked at our research center here and we’ve awarded over 170 fellowships, so it’s really become a mixing ground for the most talented people in the region. And of course, the university that has the largest representation has been Tsinghua. 

在過(guò)去幾年中，有2000多名來(lái)自亞洲100多所大學(xué)的學(xué)生巳經(jīng)在我們這個(gè)研究所 里工作過(guò)，并為其中170多人提供了研究基金，所以這個(gè)研究所名副其實(shí)的成為了該 地區(qū)匯聚人才的地方。當(dāng)然，其中清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生在研究所里所占的比例最大。

Many more researchers are teaching courses, including the course here called “Hot Topics in Computing Research” that I think is a very novel type of course and I think will be a model for many other universities as well. 

更多的研究員還在教課，包括在這里開(kāi)設(shè)的“計(jì)算機(jī)研究熱點(diǎn)話題”課程，我 覺(jué)得這是一個(gè)很新奇的課程,同時(shí)我也認(rèn)為這將為其他大學(xué)樹(shù)立榜樣。 

Today I get a chance to announce some new program between Microsoft and Tsinghua, which is the “Microsoft Distinguished Visiting Professorship” at Tsinghua. And under this program, our research group will support a world-renowned computer scientist every year to visit the University at Professor Yao’s Institute for Theoretical Computer Science. And the first recipient of this—a very impressive recipient~is Professor Frans Kaashoek from MIT. 

今天我要宣布微軟和清華之間將要啟動(dòng)一個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目，那就是清華的“微軟杰出科學(xué)家客座教授”計(jì)劃。在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的框架下，我們的研究團(tuán)體每年將會(huì)派一名 世界知名的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家訪問(wèn)姚教授的理論計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)所。而這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的第一個(gè)派 出者就是非常知名的科學(xué)家一來(lái)自麻省理工學(xué)院的弗朗斯凱斯霍德教授。 

And so I hope you get a sense of my optimism~optimism about what software can do and the interesting breakthroughs we can all make, opportunities to use that~ use it for making businesses more effective, making jobs more interesting, designing far better jobs than ever before but also using it for the handicapped, for education, for outreach so that any student who has an opportunity to connect up to the Internet will have the same type of opportunities as most privileged students. 

我希望你們能跟我一樣對(duì)此持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度——對(duì)軟件的功用，對(duì)我們可以進(jìn)行的 有趣的突破，對(duì)可以利用的機(jī)會(huì)一使得這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在商業(yè)上更加的有效，讓工作變 得有趣，設(shè)計(jì)出比以前更好的東西，但是同時(shí)可以用軟件為殘疾人、為教育、為更 大范圍的群體服務(wù)，因此每一個(gè)可以上網(wǎng)的學(xué)生都將同那些最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生一樣擁有 同等的機(jī)會(huì)。 

So these are amazing times and，you know, I think the intersection of what’s going on in China，what’s going on with companies like Microsoft to take this longterm approach and the great academic tradition that is exemplified by the excellence of this University, I think, we can all have a very high expectation. And certainly we，re committed to working with all of you to realize that potential. Thank you!   

所以處在這個(gè)美好的時(shí)代，現(xiàn)在中國(guó)也處在一個(gè)交叉口，那就是同像微軟這樣 的公司繼續(xù)合作的同時(shí)保持優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展，而清華已經(jīng)通過(guò)自身優(yōu)秀的教育 質(zhì)量對(duì)此進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。我認(rèn)為，我們可以對(duì)此抱有較高的期望，當(dāng)然我們將會(huì)加倍 努力與你們一起實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)可能。謝謝你們！