Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions。
該句子可分三個層次進行分析。第一層是主干,studies have shown that, 第二層是由that引導的賓語從句,該從句中的主干是sex hormones affect the stress response, 現在分詞causing引導結果狀語,表示以某種方式影響壓力反應,從而致使分泌更多的化學物質。現在分詞做結果狀語相當于so that 引導的從句,該分詞結構可以改寫為so that sex hormones cause females to produce more of the trigger chemicals。最后一個層次是than引導的比較狀語從句,主語male與句子前的female相比較,替代詞do代替之前的謂語,將謂語省略,提前do構成倒裝。比較狀語從句可改寫為females produce more of the trigger chemicals than males produce。
‘women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,‘ according to Dr。 Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran‘s Administration Hospital。此句中,Dr.Yehuda后面長長的頭銜完全可以在閱讀的過程中跳過。