2020考研英語閱讀細節題解題步驟和技巧

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針對細節理解題，同學們大致上可以遵循以下的三個解題步驟：

一、利用題文同序原則模糊定位

命題專家們在命制細節題時基本遵循的是題文同序原則，也就是說題目的順序與題目所考察內容在文中出現的段落順序是相吻合的。學員們在做細節理解題時可以先給文章標注段落，然后根據題目的順序以及題目中的信息點快速鎖定答案區。要注意的是文章段落分為多于五段和少于五段兩種情況，那么也就是會出現一段對應一題，兩段對應一題和一段對應兩題的三種情況。

二、利用題干中關鍵詞精準定位

在利用題文同序原則快速定位后同學們還需要做好精準定位，也就是定位到具體的某一句話，那么在這里有兩種情況需要同學們注意：

1. 如果題干中存在唯一可能關鍵詞，對于這類細節題，根據題干關鍵詞回文章定位到那一句話，然后找關鍵信息就可以了。

2. 如果題干中的關鍵詞在文章中多次出現，則可 以利用題干中的其他詞進行輔助定位，例如：

Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as

[A] a supplement to the social cure.

[B] a stimulus to group dynamics.

[C] an obstacle to social progress.

[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors.

題干中的關鍵詞peer pressure在文中出現了三次，對于定位造成了一定干擾，這個時候究竟定位到哪句話，就要根據題干中出現的另一個詞often來輔助定位了。雖然文章中沒有出現often這個詞，不過在第二個peer pressure(此處用it代替了)中出現了usually這個詞，因此我們定位到It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex.這句話，最終確定答案為D。

三、選項中信息關鍵詞定位

“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’, just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”

24. Dawna Markova most probably agree that

[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind.

[B] innovativeness could be taught.

[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.

[D] curiosity activates creative minds.

在這個題目中，首先根據題干的關鍵詞Dawna Markova可以定位到這個段落，然后我們發現這一段話都是Dawna Markova所說的話，定位范圍比較廣，接下來要做的就是把選項帶入文中一一匹配，看看是否有相同的詞匯或者同義詞，第一句話提到innovation,wonder，D選項提到curiosity,creative minds,其實我們不難發現curiosity對應的就是wonder,creative minds對應的就是文中的innovation,選項中的表述是對段首句的同義替換，因此確定答案為D。