比如,03年第四篇閱讀第一句話It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitableand in California optional. 這句話中,in Canada 與inevitable, in California 與optional 之間,省略了主語death, 翻譯是,必須補充出來。“據說,在英國死亡很緊迫,在加拿大死亡不可避免,在加利福尼亞死亡可以選擇。”
又比如,
How well the predictionswill be validated by later performance// depends upon the amount, reliability,and appropriateness of the information used// and on the skill and wisdom//with which it is interpreted。(95年,72題)
句子結構是 How well.。。引導的被動結構是主語從句,How well是主語從句中的狀語前置,depends是句子謂語,depends后面兩個介詞短語作并列賓語upon...and on..., the information used是名詞+定語,with which it is interpreted定語從句,先行詞是theskill and wisdom,代詞it指代theinformation
本句主干的謂語部分是動詞短語dependupon….and on…。所帶的兩個并列的賓語部分,and on the skill and wisdomwith which it is interpreted. 是謂語動詞部分第二個并列的賓語,因為是與前面的dependupon相并列的,所以在翻譯時,可以加上動詞depend,翻譯為“取決于…還取決于…。”
Children will play withdolls equipped with personality chips, //computers with in-built personalitieswill be regarded as workmates rather than tools, //relaxation will be in frontof smell- television,// and digital age will have arrived。(01年,72題)
主干結構是幾個并列的簡單句:Childrenwill play with dolls..., computers...will be regarded as..., relaxation will bein front of..., and digital age will have arrived。
dolls帶有過去分詞短語equipped with personality chips做定語,computers的后置定語是介詞短語with in-built personalities,personalities等于personality chips,賓語workmates rather thantools是并列結構,表示選擇。
There is more agreement onthe kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpretor classify them。
全句屬于there be +N. 結構,全句還包含了一個more…than 的比較結構,前后結構對稱,都是接了一個句子。agreement 后面跟了on the kinds of behavior 做其后置定語,behavior 后面又跟了過去分詞referred to by the term作其后置定語;而than there is 后面又省略了一個相同的詞匯agreement. 所以全句理解為:There(there be結構的翻譯-增加泛指主語) is more(比較結構) agreement on the kinds ofbehavior referred to by the term than(比較結構) there is 省略(agreement)on how to interpret or classify them(指代關系)。