2015考研政治時政熱點:與APEC相關的26個關鍵詞

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時隔13年，亞太經合組織(APEC)又來中國開會了，這一次是在北京，現在真是舉國皆說APEC。那么，到底誰是知識最淵博、認識最深入的小伙伴呢?

為此精心編撰了APEC中國年詞典，掌握從A到Z的26個關鍵詞，那個人可能就是你。

To help people better understand the focus of the APEC Beijing meeting, Xinhua News Agency has prepared a list of 26 key words that define the gathering of the leaders of Asia-Pacific economies.

APEC|亞太經合組織

1989年誕生的亞太經合組織聯通了太平洋兩岸，對接了新興與發達經濟體，讓“亞太”從地理概念變成了一個如今經濟總量占據全球半壁江山的經濟合作體，成為全球最具增長活力和發展潛力的地緣經濟板塊。

Born in 1989, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation connects both sides of the Pacific Ocean, linking emerging economies with developed economies. APEC has made the geographical concept of “Asia-Pacific” into an economic cooperation group that accounts for half of the world's economy. It currently demonstrates the biggest growth vigor and potential.

Bogor Goals|茂物目標

APEC成員1994年通過《茂物宣言》，提出了APEC“大家庭”的奮斗目標，承諾最遲不晚于2020年實現在亞太地區的自由開放的貿易和投資。今年是茂物目標提出20周年，人們期待北京會議使區域經濟一體化路徑更加清晰。

APEC members announced the Bogor Goals in 1994, proposing the goal of forming a “big family” of APEC members. They promised to achieve free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region no later than 2020. As it is the 20th anniversary of the Bogor Goals, people expect the APEC Beijing meeting to provide a clearer path for regional economic integration.

Connectivity|互聯互通

加強全方位基礎設施與互聯互通建設，是北京APEC的三個主要議題之一。各方正積極討論準備制定的APEC互聯互通藍圖，既涉及道路等基礎設施的“硬聯通”，也包括規章制度方面的“軟聯通”，還將推動人員的流動。

The APEC Beijing meeting will discuss ways to strengthen comprehensive infrastructure construction that can improve regional connections. APEC members are actively discussing an APEC connectivity blueprint that involves the connection of infrastructure, rules and people.

Dialogue|對話會

對話會是APEC領導人會議周一大看點。8日，習近平主席將出席并主持加強互聯互通伙伴關系對話會。10日，習近平將主持亞太經合組織領導人與工商咨詢理事會代表對話會，并現場回答各組咨詢理事提出的問題。

Dialogues play an important role at the Beijing APEC meeting. On Nov. 8, Chinese President Xi Jinping chaired and addressed a dialogue on strengthening connectivity partnership. On Nov. 10, Xi will chair the APEC Business Advisory Council Dialogue with Leaders and answer questions at the meeting.

Economies|經濟體

亞太經合組織目前共有21個經濟體成員，它們的人口占全球40%，GDP占全球57%，貿易額占全球46%。

The 21 APEC economies make up 40 percent of global population, 57 percent of the world's GDP, and 46 percent of the global trade.

FTAAP|亞太自由貿易區

推動區域經濟一體化是北京會議的主要議題之一，啟動亞太自由貿易區進程有望取得新的突破。習近平主席2013年在巴厘島的亞太經合組織工商領導人峰會上表示，我們要攜手建設開放型經濟和區域合作框架，以開放包容精神推進亞太自由貿易區建設。

Promoting regional economic integration is a major topic of the APEC Beijing meeting. The meeting is expected to make new progress in starting building the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP)。

Growth|增長

促進經濟創新發展、改革與增長，是當前亞太各經濟體面臨的共同任務，也是北京會議的主要議題之一。APEC各成員將就經濟改革、新經濟、創新增長、包容性支持和城鎮化等五大支柱領域展開交流對話，發掘亞太新一輪經濟增長的新動力。

All APEC economies need to drive growth through innovation and reforms. Growth is one of main topics of the APEC Beijing meeting. APEC members will discuss key fields such as economic reforms, innovation and urbanization. They will explore new momentum for regional growth.

Host|東道主

繼2001年在上海之后，中國此次在北京第二次作為東道主舉行APEC領導人非正式會議。中國希望以北京會議為契機，深化亞太各經濟體合作，建立面向未來的更緊密的伙伴關系，共同勾畫亞太長遠發展前景。

China is the host of the annual APEC meeting for a second time in 13 years after the 2001 APEC Shanghai meeting. China hopes the Beijing meeting will deepen Asia-Pacific economic cooperation and shape the region's future through closer partnership.

Integration|一體化

在推動亞太自貿區建設方面，中國希望切實發揮APEC在推進區域經濟一體化方面的協調和領導作用，完成亞太經合組織推動實現亞太自貿區路線圖的制定。

In promoting the FTAAP, China hopes APEC can guide and coordinate regional economic integration. China also hopes APEC can chart a roadmap for the FTAAP.

Japan|日本

有記者問：此次亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議期間，中國國家領導人與日本領導人是否會有雙邊會見?中國外交部長王毅的回答是：“來者都是客”，中國會對所有客人盡必要的地主之誼。

Chinese foreign minister and commerce minister met with their Japanese counterparts at the APEC Beijing meeting. China also calls on the Japanese side to create an “enabling environment” for the contact of the leaders of the two countries.

Key Meetings|重要會議

11月5至11日的領導人會議周是全年APEC活動高潮，主要內容包括高官會、部長級會議，以及領導人非正式會議等。期間還將舉行加強互聯互通伙伴關系對話會，APEC工商領導人峰會，APEC領導人與工商咨詢理事會代表對話會等工商界活動和領導人配偶活動等。

The meetings held in Beijing between Nov. 5 and Nov. 11 are the key for this year's APEC activities. The meetings include minister-level meetings, leaders' informal meetings, a dialogue on strengthening connectivity partnership, APEC CEO Summit, and APEC Business Advisory Council Dialogue with Leaders.

Leaders|領導人

亞太經合組織各成員的領導人和代表聚首北京，參加APEC領導人非正式會議，展開密集的雙邊、多邊外交活動。習近平主席將按慣例同與會經濟體領導人和代表合影，并共同參加亞太伙伴林植樹活動，象征亞太大家庭的成員共同成長、共同發展、共同進步。

The leaders and representatives of the APEC member economies will get together in Beijing to attend the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting and to carry out intensive bilateral and multilateral diplomatic activities.Chinese President Xi Jinping will have a group photo taken with the leaders and representatives attending the APEC meeting. Xi will also take part in a tree planting activity that symbolizes the joint growth, development and progress of the Asia-Pacific.

Made-in-China|中國制造

服裝、餐飲、汽車，中國制造的產品將裝點APEC會議，比如中國首款自主品牌高檔轎車——紅旗H7成為會議指定用車。

The APEC Beijing meeting will be adorned by products made in China, such as clothes, food and cars. For example, Hongqi limousine H7, the first domestic made high-end car, has been designated the official vehicle during the APEC meeting.

Non-bindingprincipal|非約束原則

亞太經合組織作為一個非約束性的磋商機制而非談判場所，在引領地區貿易自由化的同時，也為世貿組織開創新局面提供了推動力。

APEC serves as a negotiation platform following a non-binding principle. APEC not only heralds the regional trade liberalization but also drives WTO to break new grounds.

Obama|奧巴馬

應中國國家主席習近平邀請，美國總統奧巴馬將于10日至12日來華出席亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議并對中國進行國事訪問。

At the invitation of Chinese President Xi Jinping, U.S. President Barack Obama will pay a state visit to China and attend the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting from Nov. 10 to 12.

Partnership|伙伴關系

本次APEC會議的主題是“共建面向未來的亞太伙伴關系”。觀察家解讀，這一主題表明了對話、合作、包容、理解的愿望，是各成員能夠接受的“最大公約數”，將為各成員超越“零和關系”鋪平道路，從而能夠集中精力創造可持續的經濟增長。

This year's APEC meeting is under the theme “Shaping the Future Through Asia-Pacific Partnership,” underlining the aspiration that inclusive partnerships may be the greatest common ground APEC members can find.Analysts said the meeting will help pave the way for APEC members to bring relationships away from a zero-sum relation so that they can focus on promoting sustainable development.

QE|量化寬松

美聯儲近期宣布退出量化寬松，而日本卻宣布QE加碼方案，未來歐洲央行推出新一輪刺激政策也是大概率事件。美國“收”、歐洲“放”、日本“亂”，或將導致全球資金大挪移，APEC成員如何應對可能波濤洶涌的國際資本流動?

The U.S. Federal Reserve has decided to end its quantitative easing (QE) stimulus while Japan's central bank unleashed an expansion of its already massive monetary easing program. The European Central Bank has also signaled plans to introduce QE to counter deflation and boost growth. How will APEC members brace for the possibly volatile capital flows ahead?

Relations|關系

新型大國關系、雙邊關系、多邊關系、經濟關系……APEC會議是一個極其重要的國際外交舞臺。

A new model for relations between major countries, including bilateral and multilateral relations. The APEC meeting is an important scene on the global diplomatic stage.

Spouse|配偶

領導人配偶同臺亮相給會議提供了一抹亮色。會議周期間的領導人配偶活動，雖然尚無任何細節透露，但毫無疑問會吸引大眾的目光。

Leaders' spouses will also attend the APEC meeting. Although details of their activities have not been released, the spouses are certain to get public attention.

Transformation|轉變

轉方式，調結構，穩增長，促改革，是APEC成員的共同任務。北京會議將在經濟改革、新經濟、創新增長、包容性支持、城鎮化等方面進行深入討論，深化互聯網經濟、藍色經濟等前沿領域的合作。

All APEC members need to transform growth methods, adjust structures, stabilize economy and promote reforms. During the Beijing meeting, members will conduct in-depth discussion on an of issues such as economic reform, innovative growth and urbanization. The members will also deepen cooperation on frontier areas such as Internet and marine industries.

Urbanization|城鎮化

中國倡導在APEC開展城鎮化領域的合作。城鎮化將是未來亞太繁榮發展的一個重要增長動力。

China advocates cooperation of urbanization at APEC. Urbanization will be an important engine driving the future prosperity of Asia-Pacific.

Value Chain|價值鏈

一部手機的生產過程可能涵蓋10到15個國家，全球價值鏈的形成已成為各經濟體貿易與產業分工合作發展到新高度的重要標志，也為貿易投資自由化的深入發展增添了新動力。今年5月的APEC貿易部長會議批準了《促進亞太地區全球價值鏈發展戰略藍圖》等文件。

About 10 to 15 countries are involved in making a mobile phone. The formation of global value chain is an important sign that trade and industrial cooperation among member economies has reached a new height. The global value chain also provides new momentum for in-depth development of free trade and investment.

World Attention|世界矚目

13年后，APEC會議再次在中國舉行，來自全球的數千名記者云集采訪。各方期待今年的APEC在推進區域經濟一體化方面取得實實在在的進展;期待亞太繼續引領世界經濟的復蘇和增長;期待中國為APEC發展和亞太振興做出新貢獻。

More than 4,000 journalists have gathered in Beijing to cover the APEC meeting. The world expects the meeting to achieve tangible progress in advancing regional economic integration. The world also hopes the Asia-Pacific region to continue driving the global economic recovery. China is expected to make new contributions to reviving the Asia-Pacific region.

Xi Jinping|習近平

領導人非正式會議將于10日至11日舉行。習近平主席將主持和出席十多場重要活動，包括：出席亞太經合組織工商領導人峰會開幕式并發表主旨演講、主持亞太經合組織領導人與工商咨詢理事會代表對話會、出席并主持兩個階段的領導人會議和工作午宴、按慣例同與會經濟體領導人和代表合影并共同參加亞太伙伴林植樹活動等。

Chinese President Xi Jinping will chair and participate in a series of important meetings, including addressing the APEC CEO Summit, chairing the APEC Business Advisory Council Dialogue with Leaders and chairing the Economic Leaders' Meeting.

Yanqi Lake|雁棲湖

距北京市中心約50公里的懷柔雁棲湖，是此次APEC會議周的最重頭戲——領導人非正式會議會場所在地。雁棲島上的國際會議中心、貴賓別墅、日出東方酒店、國際會展中心，既是會議成功舉辦的堅實保障，也是體現低碳環保理念的示范。島上還設有3000個鳥舍，供鳥類在遷徙中歇腳。

The APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting will be held near Yanqi Lake, 50 kilometers north of Beijing's downtown area. On the Yanqi Island, a conference center, hotel, exhibition center and VIP villas all use green technologies. Altogether 3,000 bird nests have been built for bird migrations.

Zero Tariff|零關稅

從自貿區建設到互聯互通，是否有一天APEC區域內真會實現“零關稅”這個理想化的目標?若是如此，以后在上海買蘋果手機說不定就跟在美國加州的價格一樣了。

One day there may be no tariff between APEC economies with the development of the free trade area and regional connectivity. If that comes true, people may pay the same amount of money to buy an iPhone in Shanghai as they do in California.