經典例題: Because the body’s defense system is damaged,the patient has little ability to fight off many other diseases. 參考譯文: 由于人體的免疫系統遭到破壞,病人幾乎沒有什么能力來抵抗許許多多其他疾病的侵襲。
經典例題: Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid,a liquid,or a gas. 參考譯文 任何物質,無論它是固體、液體或氣體,都是由原子構成的。
(2)代詞的省略
經典例題: The desert animals can hide themselves from the heat during the daytime. 參考譯文: 沙漠中的獸類能躲避白天的炎熱天氣。
經典例題: We all took it for granted that he would attend the meeting,but in the end he never turned up. 參考譯文: 我們都想當然地以為他會來開會,但直到最后他也沒有露面。
經典例題: We live and learn.參考譯文: 活到老,學到老。
(3)連詞的省略
經典例題: Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. 參考譯文 同性電荷相斥,異性電荷相吸。 經典例題: He looked gloomy and troubled. 參考譯文: 他看上去有些憂愁不安。
經典例題: If winter comes,can spring be far behind? 參考譯文: 冬天來了,春天還會遠嗎?
(4)介詞的省略
經典例題: The density of air varies directly as pressure,with temperature being constant. 參考譯文 溫度不變,空氣的密度和壓力成正比。
經典例題: Smoking is prohibited in public places. 參考譯文: 公共場所不許吸煙。
經典例題: A body in motion remains in motion unless acted on by an external force. 參考譯文 如果沒有外力的作用,運動的物體仍然保持運動狀態。
(5)同位語前置名詞的省略
經典例題: Behaviorists,in contrast,say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
分析:在同位句中,the fact就是指that所引導的blacks are often deprived of?that whites enjoy.在翻譯成漢語時,就可以省略the fact,以免顯得累贅。