【例】We mustn’t rely on sheer enthusiasm and substitute our personal feelings for policy.我們不能僅靠熱情,也不能用私人感情代替政策。
【構詞】sub-(下面)+stitut(站立)+ e→(站在下面等著)替代
【派生】substitution n.替代
【真題1】In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the “ scientific method ” a substitute for imaginative thought.
在和一些科學家,尤其是年輕的科學家談話的時候,你可能會有這樣一種印象,他們認為“科學方法”可以代替創造性思維。
【真題2】Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.
那些忠實的音樂會觀眾會說唱片并不能代替現場演出,但是他們忽略了一些事情。
executive
n.總經理,董事,行政負責人 a.執行的,實施的
【例】GM also announced that it had secured a $ 5 billion revolving credit line and that its chief executive, Kevin, would soon depart.通用公司同時還宣布其已獲得一份穩定可靠的價值50億美金的循環信用額度,以及其首席執行官凱文不久將離職的消息。
【同義替換】administrator, director, agent
【派生】execution n. 執行,實行,履行;完成 executor n.遺囑執行人
【真題】In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.
【例】State representative Ellen Cohen, who sponsored the legislation, argued that connecting the two is fair.發起了這個議案的州議員Ellen Cohen辯論說把兩者聯系起來是公正的。
【構詞】spons(允諾,約定)+-or(名詞詞綴,表示人)→允諾支持一項事業的人→贊助人
【同義替換】patronize
【派生】sponsorship n.資助
【真題】Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored anti-smoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.
羅森伯格,普利策獎的獲得者,提供了很多正在進行中的關于社會治理的例子:在南卡羅萊納州,一個由州政府發起的名為Rage Against the Haze的禁煙活動正在準備使吸煙變得并不酷。