2016考研英語：閱讀必背的經(jīng)典長難句

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俗話說：熟能生巧，2016考研英語閱讀長難句的復(fù)習(xí)，方法之一就是多背多看多總結(jié)，通過多讀多看，大家能夠提升語感和遣詞造句的能力，下面分享50個(gè)經(jīng)典考研英語長難句子，希望考生多讀多看幾遍。

1、It is difficult to the point ofimpossibility for the average reader under theage of forty to imagine a time when high- quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers. (2010 T1 P2)

對(duì)于平均年齡40歲以下的讀者而言, 他們很難想象在大多數(shù)大城市的主流報(bào)紙上可以讀到高質(zhì)量的藝術(shù)評(píng)論的那一年代。

2. To read such books today is tomarvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general- circulation dailies. (2010 T1 P2)

今天我們閱讀這樣的書籍,會(huì)驚訝于這樣的一個(gè)事實(shí):這些學(xué)術(shù)性文藝評(píng)論曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為適合刊登在面向大眾發(fā)行的日?qǐng)?bào)上。

3. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. (2010 T1 P3)

在那些遠(yuǎn)去的日子里,主流報(bào)刊的評(píng)論家們?cè)敱M地評(píng)論所報(bào)道的事件,認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的。

4. Curbs on business-method claimswould be a dramaticabout-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998 decision in the so- called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of poolingmutual-fund assets. (2010 T2 P3)

對(duì)于商業(yè)方法專利授予的限制將會(huì)出現(xiàn)巨大的轉(zhuǎn)變,因?yàn)檎�是�?lián)邦巡回法院在1998年被稱為“州街銀行案”的決議中引入了這類專利,其中的共有資產(chǎn)投資的管理方法被授予了專利。

5. The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard byall 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and thatone issue it wants to evaluate iswhether it should “reconsider” its State Street Bank ruling. (2010 T2 P4)

聯(lián)邦巡回法院發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)不尋常的法令,即這個(gè)案件將由法院全部的12名法官共同聽審, 而不是典型的三人聽審團(tuán)。法令還宣布法院希望評(píng)估是否要“重新考慮”州街銀行案的裁決。

6. In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tinyminority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually-informed, persuasive, or well connected. (2010 T3 P1)

Malcolm Gladwell在他的《引爆點(diǎn)》一書中指出,“社會(huì)流行潮”主要是由一少部分特殊個(gè)體的行為引領(lǐng)的,這些人通常被稱為有影響力的人,他們博聞強(qiáng)識(shí), 有說服力,并且有很好的人脈。

7. For a social epidemic to occur,however, each person so affected must then influence his or her ownacquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people haslittle to do with the initial influential. (2010T3 P4)

但是對(duì)于社會(huì)流行潮的形成來說,每一個(gè)受影響的人必須接著去影響他們的熟人,這些人還要繼續(xù)影響他們的熟人,如此循環(huán)下去; 然而處于中間層級(jí)的人能得到被影響者的多少關(guān)注往往與最初的有影響力的人沒多大關(guān)系。

8. The details may be unknowable, butthe independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. (2010 T4 P2)

細(xì)節(jié)也許不得而知,但是對(duì)于資本市場(chǎng)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)至關(guān)重要的準(zhǔn)則制定者的獨(dú)立性正在面臨妥協(xié)(被弱化)。

9. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of bankswhich will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buyall those supposed bargains. (2010 T4 P5)

而且, 不流動(dòng)的市場(chǎng)(交易量萎靡)一定程度上反映了銀行系統(tǒng)的癱瘓。銀行因?yàn)楹ε?報(bào)告)其賬面損失而不愿出售(有毒)資產(chǎn), 同時(shí)也不愿收購那些(別人持有的)所謂的廉價(jià)資產(chǎn)。

10. The decision of the New YorkPhilharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert asits next musicdirector has been the talk of the classical-music world ever sincethe sudden announcementof his appointment in 2009. (2011 T1 P1)

紐約愛樂樂團(tuán)決定聘請(qǐng)Alan Gilbert 作為其下一任指揮,這一決定自2009年突然宣布以來就一直是古典音樂界熱議的話題。

11. For the time, attention, and moneyof the art- loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, butalso with the recorded performances ofthe great classical musicians of the 20th century. (2011 T1 P4)

出于對(duì)于藝術(shù)愛好者的時(shí)間、精力和金錢角度的考量,古典音樂演奏家們不僅要和歌劇院、舞蹈團(tuán)、劇團(tuán)和博物館競(jìng)爭,而且還得與那些20世紀(jì)偉大的古典音樂大師的作品唱片進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭。

12. Rather than cloaking his exit inthe usual vague excuses, he came rightout and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of runninga company.” (2011 T2 P1)

他并沒有用通常含糊不清的理由來掩飾自己的離職,他很坦白地說他離開就是“為了去追求經(jīng)營一家公司的目標(biāo)”。

13. Says Korn /Ferry senior partnerDennis Carey: “I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has notinstructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.” (2011 T2 P4)

Dennis Carey 的高級(jí)合伙人Korn Ferry 說:“在我所做的每一次招聘當(dāng)中,董事會(huì)都要求我從那些在任的CEO 中去尋找。

14. The way consumers now approach theprocess of making purchase decisions means that marketings impact stems from a broad range of factorsbeyondconventionalpaid media. (2011 T3 P1)

如今消費(fèi)者做出購買決定的過程表明:市場(chǎng)營銷的影響(效果) 源自于除了傳統(tǒng)付費(fèi)媒體之外的很多因素。

15. The same dramatic technological changes that haveprovided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices havealso increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. (2011 T3 P3)

同樣劇烈的技術(shù)變革在給營銷人員提供更多交流選擇的同時(shí),也帶來了更高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),因?yàn)槌錆M激情的消費(fèi)者會(huì)以更快、更明顯且更具破壞力的方式來發(fā)表他們的觀點(diǎn)。

16. It’s no surprise that JenniferSenior’s insightful,provocative magazine coverstory, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life”, is arousing much chatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion thatchild rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enrichingexperience.(2011 T4 P1)

Jennifer Senior 在一片具有煽動(dòng)意味的雜志封面故事中表達(dá)了她的深刻見解, 《我愛我的孩子們,我討厭我的生活》引發(fā)了人們的熱烈討論,這并不奇怪——養(yǎng)兒育女不完全是自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的過程。

17. But it’s interesting to wonder ifthe images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthoodaren’t in some small, subconscious waycontributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the sameway that a small part of us hoped getting “the Rachel” might make us look justa little bit like Jennifer Aniston. (2011 T4 P5)

但是, 這確實(shí)有趣:想想我們每周都能在雜志上看到的無憂無慮、幸福的父母形象是否以某種細(xì)微的、不為人所感知的方式加劇了我們自己對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的不滿? 這就好比我們中有一少部分人希望能夠成為(《老友記》中的)Rachel, (這樣)使自己看起來有一點(diǎn)像Jennifer Aniston 吧。

18. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be apositive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizationsand officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve theirlives and possibly the world. (2012 T1 P1)

但是Tina Rosenberg 在她的新書《加入俱樂部》中主張,通過她所謂的社會(huì)治療, 同儕壓力也可以成為一種積極的力量。在社會(huì)治療中一些組織和官方(機(jī)構(gòu))利用團(tuán)體動(dòng)態(tài)力量來幫助個(gè)人提升他們的生活, 甚至改善整個(gè)世界。

19. “Dare to be different, please dontsmoke!” pleadsone billboard campaign aimed at reducing smokingamong teenagers- teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. (2012 T1 P3)

一場(chǎng)旨在減少青少年吸煙的廣告牌上寫到“勇于與眾不同,請(qǐng)不要吸煙”。然而,這些青少年卻是最渴望融入(與他人行為一樣)。

20. Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would notchallenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankeenuclear power plant running. (2012 T2 P2)

然而,就是這家公司,一直以來都承諾:不會(huì)在聯(lián)邦法院質(zhì)疑佛蒙特州的規(guī)則的符憲性。現(xiàn)在的做法(質(zhì)疑佛蒙特州規(guī)則的符憲性)是為了使其佛蒙特Yankee 核電站能夠繼續(xù)經(jīng)營做出的孤注一擲的行為。

21. The legal issues in the case areobscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have someregulatory authorityover nuclearpower, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting testof how far those powers extend. (2012 T2 P5)

此案件中的法律問題還不清楚:盡管最高法院規(guī)定州政府在核問題監(jiān)管方面也有一些權(quán)力,然而法律學(xué)者說佛蒙特州案件將會(huì)給州政府權(quán)力究竟有多大這一問題提供一個(gè)先例。

22. In the idealized version of how science is done, factsabout the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use thescientific method to carry out their work. (2012 T3 P1)

在科學(xué)是如何展開的理想化版本中, 關(guān)于世界的真相有待于客觀的研究者使用科學(xué)的方法去觀察和收集。

23. As a discovery claim works its waythrough the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared andcompeting beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery. (2012T3 P3)

在發(fā)現(xiàn)聲明通過科學(xué)界的逐級(jí)審查過程中,與該發(fā)現(xiàn)相容或相悖的理論會(huì)相互作用或相互對(duì)抗,(最終),個(gè)人的發(fā)現(xiàn)聲明轉(zhuǎn)化為(被)整個(gè)科學(xué)界所認(rèn)可的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

24. Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especiallypensions that are already generous. (2012 T4 P4)

政治家們不斷變相提高公共部門員工的收入, 使工資增幅看起來不大, 但卻增加了節(jié)假日和本來就已經(jīng)不菲的養(yǎng)老金。

25. Even though there is plenty ofevidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’ unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones. (2012T4 P5)

雖然有大量證據(jù)表明教師的質(zhì)量是最重要的因素, 然而教師工會(huì)仍然反對(duì)去晉升表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異的教師, 開除那些教學(xué)質(zhì)量差的教師。

26. Priestly explains how the deep bluecolor of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows todepartment stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless foundher garment.(2013 T1 P1)

翻譯：Priestly解釋了她的女助理身穿的那件毛衣的深藍(lán)色多年來是怎樣從T臺(tái)淪落到百貨商店,又如何從百貨商店淪落到打折區(qū)中, 毫無疑問,這個(gè)可憐的姑娘最后在這里(打折區(qū))淘到了它。(2013 T1 P1)

27. This top-down conception of thefashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverishworld described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of“fast fashion”. (2013 T1 P2)

翻譯：這個(gè)時(shí)尚業(yè)自上而下的概念太過時(shí)了,或者說它和Elizabeth Cline在《過度著裝》(Elizabeth Cline用三年時(shí)間所寫的對(duì)于“快時(shí)尚”的控訴)一書中所描述的狂熱世界大相徑庭。(2013 T1 P2)

28.In December 2010 America’s FederalTrade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track” (DNT) option tointernet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not wantto be followed.(2013 T2 P3)

翻譯：2010年12月,美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)提議在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器中添加一個(gè)“禁止追蹤”的選項(xiàng),這樣用戶可以告知廣告商們他們不想被追蹤。(2013 T2 P3)

29. Unable to tell whether someonereally objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’sdefault, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. (2013 T2 P6)

翻譯：由于無法判斷人們是真的反對(duì)行為廣告還是他們堅(jiān)持使用微軟瀏覽器的默認(rèn)設(shè)置,一些廣告商可能會(huì)忽視“禁止追蹤” 的標(biāo)簽,繼續(xù)追蹤(人們的網(wǎng)上痕跡)。(2013 T2 P6)

30. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, ithas chosen an indirect method: There is no guarantee that DNT by default willbecome the norm. (2013 T2 P7)

翻譯：如果微軟試圖擊敗幾乎完全依靠廣告業(yè)務(wù)的谷歌,那么它選擇了一個(gè)并不直接的方法: 我們無法保證把“禁止追蹤”作為默認(rèn)設(shè)置會(huì)成為行業(yè)準(zhǔn)則。(2013 T2 P7)

31. Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List” of threatenedspecies of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) andyou will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widelydistributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threatsresulting in an overall population decline.”(2013 T3 P3)

翻譯：在國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟的“瀕危物種紅色名單”中查閱“智人” 這一條目,你會(huì)看到:“因?yàn)榇宋锓N分布廣泛,適應(yīng)性強(qiáng),目前數(shù)量正在不斷增加, 并且沒有導(dǎo)致該物種數(shù)量下降的主要威脅, 因此該物種被列為了無危物種。”(2013 T3 P3)

32. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: wehave now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of theplanet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situationsin which our descendants will find themselves.(2013 T3 P6)

翻譯：正如很多時(shí)候,過去掌握著通往未來的鑰匙:我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對(duì)塑造地球和歷史的長期模式有了很充分的認(rèn)識(shí),我們可以以此為依據(jù)來預(yù)測(cè)我們子孫后代的生存環(huán)境。(2013 T3 P6)

33. The Constitutional principles that Washington alonehas the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federallaws precede state laws are noncontroversial.(2013 T4 P2)

翻譯：憲法規(guī)定只有華盛頓政府有權(quán)利去“制定統(tǒng)一的入籍規(guī)則”,以及聯(lián)邦法律優(yōu)先于州法律,這兩項(xiàng)都是毋庸置疑的。(2013 T4 P2)

34. The Administration was in essence asserting thatbecause it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no stateshould be allowed to do so either. (2013 T4 P7)

翻譯：政府實(shí)質(zhì)上一直聲稱因?yàn)樽约翰⒉幌雸?zhí)行國會(huì)的移民意愿,所以它(政府)也不允許任何州這樣做。(2013 T4 P7)

35. On first hearing, this was the socially concernedchancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” toan obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newlyunemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. (2014 T1 P2)

翻譯：乍一聽,這是一位關(guān)心民生的財(cái)政大臣正試著去幫人們改善生活,包括去“改革”一個(gè)明顯縱容的社會(huì)(福利)系統(tǒng), 它對(duì)新失業(yè)者要求甚少并且還滋生懶惰。(2014 T1 P2)

36. What motivated him, we were to understand, was hiszeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spendingand ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits. (2014 T1 P2)

翻譯：然而我們要明白,他的動(dòng)機(jī)是源自于對(duì) “基本公平”的熱情—保護(hù)納稅人,控制開銷并且確保只有那些最應(yīng)得的救濟(jì)的申請(qǐng)者才能申領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金。(2014 T1 P2)

37. There is pressure for change from within theprofession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keepingoutsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make moneyrather than serve clients ethically. (2014 T2 P5)

翻譯：行業(yè)內(nèi)部也有改革的壓力,但是反對(duì)改革的管理者堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為禁止外人(外部資金) 進(jìn)入律師事務(wù)所使得律師遠(yuǎn)離賺錢的壓力, 而按照職業(yè)道德更好地為客戶服務(wù)。(2014 T2 P5)

38. In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in lawfirms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging lawfirms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus onimproving firms’ efficiency. (2014 T2 P6)

翻譯：實(shí)際上,通過律所運(yùn)用新的技術(shù), 招募致力于提升公司效率的職業(yè)經(jīng)理人, 允許非律師擁有律師事務(wù)所的股份,將會(huì)降低成本,提升服務(wù)(質(zhì)量)。(2014 T2 P6)

39. There is just one path for a lawyer in most Americanstates: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then athree- year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American BarAssociation and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. (2014 T2 P3)

翻譯：在美國的絕大多數(shù)州想成為律師只有一條途徑: 首先在(與法律專業(yè))不相關(guān)的專業(yè)讀四年本科,然后在經(jīng)過美國律師協(xié)會(huì)授權(quán)的200所法學(xué)院中讀 3 年的法學(xué)學(xué)位,并且再花巨資準(zhǔn)備律師資格考試。(2014 T2 P3)

40. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipientsper prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by thecollaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by theinevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discoveryof the Higgs boson. (2014 T3 P4)

翻譯：但是諾貝爾學(xué)獎(jiǎng)關(guān)于每個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)限三名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?而且他們必須在世的限制已經(jīng)因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代科學(xué)的合作方式而變得不再適用,并將會(huì)在承認(rèn)希格斯玻色子的發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)被證明,因?yàn)榈綍r(shí)會(huì)不可避免的出現(xiàn)哪位科學(xué)家被忽視了這樣的爭論。(2014 T3 P4)

41. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, aswell as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism. (2014 T4 P2)

翻譯：該委員會(huì)由51名委員組成,在他們當(dāng)中,有頂級(jí)高等學(xué)校的校長、學(xué)者、律師、法官以及企業(yè)經(jīng)理,還包括了外交、電影、音樂和新聞界的杰出的人物。(2014 T4 P2)

42. The commission ignores that for several decadesAmerica’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know thecontent and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of itsbenefits. (2014 T4 P4)

翻譯：委員會(huì)忽略了數(shù)十年來存在的問題,美國大學(xué)所培養(yǎng)出來的畢業(yè)生并未真正了解人文教育的內(nèi)容和特點(diǎn),因此并沒有從中獲益。(2014 T4 P4)

43 At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economistsare warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolicheart of modern democratic states. (2015 T1 P4)

翻譯：當(dāng) ThomasPiketty和其他經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家開始對(duì)于日益加劇的不公和繼承財(cái)富的權(quán)利發(fā)出警告時(shí),那些富有的貴族家庭依然被看做是現(xiàn)代民主國家象征就顯得令人費(fèi)解了。(2015 T1 P4)

44. While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smartenough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have mostto fear from the Spanish example. (2015 T1 P6)

翻譯：查爾斯應(yīng)該明白:正如英國歷史所示,共和黨并非君主制最大的敵人,國王(本身的言行) 才是君主制最大的敵人。(2015 T1 P6)

45. The Supreme Court will now consider whether policecan search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is onor around a person during an arrest. (2015 T2 P1)

翻譯：現(xiàn)在,最高法院將要考慮的是警察是否可以在沒有搜查令的情況下搜查在逮捕期間的嫌疑人的手機(jī)內(nèi)容。(2015 T2 P1)

46. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendmentprotections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could takereasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while awarrant is pending. (2015 T2 P6)

翻譯：當(dāng)面臨嚴(yán)重緊急情況時(shí)他們?nèi)匀粫?huì)違反第四修正法案的保護(hù)條例,他們需要采取合理的措施來確保在沒有拿到搜查令的時(shí)候手機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)不會(huì)被刪除或修改。(2015 T2 P6)

47. Asked whether any particular papers had impelled thechange, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated byconcerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis inscientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increasereproducibility in the research we publish.” (2015 T3 P3)

翻譯：當(dāng)被問及是否是某篇特定的出版物促使了這個(gè)變化,McNutt回答道:“統(tǒng)計(jì)委員會(huì)的設(shè)立是受對(duì)科學(xué)調(diào)查的統(tǒng)計(jì)應(yīng)用和數(shù)據(jù)分析的廣泛擔(dān)憂所驅(qū)使的,并且它是雜志整體趨勢(shì)的一部分,用以增加出版文章的可復(fù)制性。” (2015 T3 P3)

48. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrotein 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers whoare statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. (2015 T3 P6)

翻譯：他在2012年寫到研究者應(yīng)該提升他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而雜志也應(yīng)該采取一個(gè)更加嚴(yán)格的路線“參與的審查者應(yīng)該具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)知識(shí),并且編輯應(yīng)該核實(shí)這一流程”。(2015 T3 P6)

49. One of the astonishing revelations was how littleRebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought toask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. (2015 T4 P4)

翻譯：其中一個(gè)令人驚訝的事實(shí)是Rebekah Brooks竟不知道她的編輯部所發(fā)生的事,也沒想到自己會(huì)被審問,事實(shí)上,她也從未過問事情是怎樣發(fā)生的。(2015 T4 P4)

50. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions abouthow her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave noinstructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers. (2015 T4 P6)

翻譯：Brooks女士可能懷疑或可能沒懷疑過她的記者們是如何得到他們所寫的故事的, 但是她沒有詢問,沒有做出指示,即沒有得到可追溯的記錄下來的回答。(2015 T4 P6)