【例】The maximum penalty for this crime is 10 years’ imprisonment.這種罪行的最高刑罰是10年監禁。
【同義替換】fine, punishment
【派生】penalize v.處罰;懲罰 penalization n.處罰;懲罰
【真題】The current state of affairs may have been encouraged——though not justified——by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe)for data leakage.
現在這種狀況,雖然不合理,但(在美國,而不是歐洲)由于缺乏對數據泄露的法律制裁,可能還會加劇。
premium
n.額外費用;獎金,獎賞;保險費
【例】A premium of 2 percent is paid on long-term investments.投資期限較長者可獲得百分之二的獎勵。
【構詞】prem(第一,首要)——-ium→一流的→高級的,優質的
【真題】Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.
【真題】Thus the American president and vice president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.