2016考研英語：作文第二段的具體寫作框架

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本文主要內(nèi)容為第二段寫作。

解析：第二段為整篇作文非常重要的段落，是得失分的關(guān)鍵。需要考生予以高度重視。下面介紹兩種行文思路——負(fù)向文章行文思路和正向文章行為思路。

一、負(fù)向文章行文思路：

負(fù)向文章行文思路主要是對(duì)話題的過渡、分析與數(shù)據(jù)/舉例支撐。

A、過渡部分：

方案一:

(現(xiàn)實(shí)中大家熱議XX話題。大家對(duì)此有不同的聲音，但我…)In reality, the subject about +N/doing sth has long been a buzz in network community, the public as well as the media. Though a variety of voices can be heard,

I totally oppose that+句子/ (2005年——people turn a blind eye to their aging parents)

I cannot agree more with you .

I can not oppose more against +N/I totally agree that+ 句子/ (2001愛心： love would brighten darkness/ love would cast light to the dark and brighten it. Where love would be, it will light up gloom)

I highly recommend that we should discourage people from doing sth (97吸煙—— discourage people, especially the youth, from smoking)

I can not agree more with the point that/ ( people are easily addicted to smoking and we should discourage them from doing that.)

方案二：

(圖片反映的現(xiàn)象在快速發(fā)展中國各地區(qū)屢見不鮮，因此，這值得所有人的關(guān)注)In fact, the phenomenon reflected/mirrored by the cartoon typically occurs in many parts/regions of China, which are developing with breakneck speed, therefore, so it merits special attention from all walks of life.

方案三：

(這種情況值得大家關(guān)注。我的意見是)This situation/problem deserves careful concern/close attention from all walks of life, especially our young generation. I want to give my voice to
encourage sb to/ support that/ advocate that (2003溫室花朵——parents should not relax the discipline in their families/ think twice about how to raise their kids.)

dote on sb 溺愛

discourage sb from doing sth/ put an end to (2003溫室花朵——doting on their kids/giving too much love to their kids.)/ stop doting on their kids. /curb(限制) sth/ check(限制) sth

B、原因分析(2-3條原因)

原因分析又分為外因和內(nèi)因。

外因：社會(huì)、政府、媒體、家庭、學(xué)校，

① 法律缺失：

(問題是由法律不完善造成的) The current situation is often plagued by the absence(the lack of) of relative legislation(立法) and law enforcement

plague n瘟疫，疾病 v困擾

(當(dāng)?shù)卣�府沒能填補(bǔ)xx方面的政策漏洞)The local authorities fail to close/fix loopholes in policies concerning (network community/ water pollution/dishonesty)

close/fix loopholes(漏洞)

② 媒體 mass media

(媒體對(duì)民意影響力大，媒體功能紊亂導(dǎo)致問題產(chǎn)生)The media has a powerful influence/impact on public opinion and a great deal of social conduct (social conduct社會(huì)行為)can be affected by the mass media. However, the dysfunction/malfunction of the media partially cause the problem that(問題) + .一句話
(媒體對(duì)民意影響力大，不幸的是，她的功能紊亂部分地導(dǎo)致問題)The mass media has great influence on public opinion via radio, TV program, magazines as well as newspapers. Unfortunately, it neglects to take that duty and therefore, leads to the problem that+一句話

③ 學(xué)校 college/university/school

business/medical/law school

(大學(xué)不應(yīng)只提供課程，還應(yīng)提供訓(xùn)練去改善大學(xué)生的素質(zhì)。)College, a community of undergraduates, are/is supposed to not only provide lectures and experiments to leverage their academic performance, but training as well as courses to improve their personalities.

(大學(xué)各團(tuán)體應(yīng)該發(fā)出聲音。但明顯的，他們大多數(shù)時(shí)候都是沉默的大多數(shù))Societies from college and Student Union should make their voices heard by the whole society. But evidently, they are silent/mute majority most of the time.

the deaf mute

majority 成年人

minority 未成年人

administrations/departments/authorities/institutions concerned: lack supervision; insufficient management

④ 家庭(父母)

(家長是孩子最好的老師。孩子如何面對(duì)世界取決于家長如何教育。當(dāng)家長忘了告訴他們的孩子該XX，問題會(huì)發(fā)生。)Parents are children’s best mentors. How children react to the world is largely determined(決心，確定，決定) by how parents parent and educate their kids in their childhood. When parents forget to let children understand that (句子), problems would, beyond a doubt, come up/pop up忽然出現(xiàn).

pop-up廣告彈窗

pop corn

pop music

Sb is determined to do

Tom is determined to be a teacher.

Sb has made up one’s mind to do

I have made up my mind to get through/pass the exam.

(家教會(huì)影響孩子的身心發(fā)展，并部分決定了孩子是否有個(gè)好的性格。如果家長經(jīng)常在情感和身體上離開孩子，問題就出來了。)Parenting, would affect children’s mental development and physical growth， even partially determine whether he or she would have a good personality. When parents are often emotionally absent and even physically absent, problems would pop up.

price n價(jià)格 v定價(jià) pricing n定價(jià)

parent n父母 v教育 parenting n家教

function n作用，功能 v起效，發(fā)揮功能

functioning n起效，發(fā)揮功能

question n問題 v質(zhì)疑

內(nèi)因： 意識(shí)(awareness、consciousness)、心態(tài)mentality，品質(zhì)性格(人性personality) etiquette禮儀、道德(morality——a slash in morality may cause crash in society)、責(zé)任感(accountability)、
(這種行為失當(dāng)不僅是由于不知道造成的，而往往是心態(tài)不正確造成的)價(jià)值觀In most cases, this misbehavior/pressing problem/situation is not simply caused by ignorance but by a lack of awareness of / lack of a proper mentality/attitude that+ 句子

(公共場(chǎng)合大聲打手機(jī)是很失禮的)Talking loud over the phone in public places is a major breach of etiquette.

a major breach of principles/rules/regulations

(人類逃避責(zé)任時(shí)，問題就出現(xiàn)了)When individuals， as tiny part of society, skip/shrug off their responsibilities/fold their arms toward the problem/turn a blind eye to the situation, problems are bond to come up/ get pressing.

C、數(shù)據(jù)支撐：列舉、舉例、偽數(shù)據(jù)

05養(yǎng)老——A report published this year by the China Research Centre on (aging) forecasts/ indicates that over forty present of seniors spend their last years living alone

06自信——A survey concerning +N conducted by/ carried out by the China Research Centre on (successful people、high achiever ) shows/indicates/demonstrates/ that self-confidence is the instrument(方法，途徑) of their achievement/accomplishment/success.

A is the instrument of B(N/doing)

06追星——Opinion poll(民意調(diào)查) was conducted by the China Research Center on (也可以不寫on sth ) to test (to how much degree, people would be affected by chasing idols and nearly 70 percent of respondents admitted that they wasted too much time and money chasing stars.

waste time/money doing sth

(自身例子)One of my experiences would fully convince you that I am right. +例子
Facts speak louder than words. +例子/I had an experience just like the picture indicates.

二、正向文章行文思路：

正向文章的行文思路主要是意義分析+數(shù)據(jù)支撐+箴言。

A：意義分析

以下是根據(jù)歷年真題的作文話題例舉出來的寫作框架：

1、(健康——12樂觀)N+ would enhance your emotional and spiritual well-being. A recent survey carried out by the China Research Center on Emotion demonstrates that a person who is ( ) tends to be more psychologically healthy and has a longer life expectancy/life span.

Keep chin up towards your future

make you a great man

2、(機(jī)會(huì)——13選擇)N+would bring you more opportunities which does not guarantee you achievement overnight but means when a door is closed, more doors are open to you. Especially in current tight job fair, a person who is ( ) tends to win more job interviews over his or her opponents.

win sth over sb

stand out from sb

3、(提高個(gè)人素質(zhì)——2004新起點(diǎn)) Being ready for challenge all the time means strong self-discipline which would contribute to the improvement of one’s personality and etiquette which would get you closer to your goal.

get sb closer to goal/dream

4、(社交，人際) () would, beyond a doubt, get you more social(善于交際) and therefore deliver a great contribution to enhance your interpersonal skills, foster your leadership, and make you a magnetic person/

strengthen personal charisma(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)魅力).

5、社會(huì)類話題可用到的作文框架：

help do sth

help sb in doing sth

(企業(yè))() which would help build a friendly and healthy business environment that would spur enterprises on self-regulating and properly operating.

(良性競(jìng)爭) ( ) would encourage all enterprises to participate into a fair play which would benefit both industries and the consumers.

which would lead to a win-win deal/result

(全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)) (As the relationship between China and the rest of the world remains steady and stable ), more vitality would be injected into the building of a well-off society in an all-round way.
(社會(huì)發(fā)展平衡) To run a society of harmony, government are/is supposed to juggle equity and efficiency and ( ) would, without a doubt, help find balance between the two.

juggling’s one’s life

juggle v同時(shí)兼顧

the exchange of culture

B、數(shù)據(jù)支撐：

1、例證

To exemplify what I mean , I would share one of my memorable experiences with you.

Nothing can exemplify my viewpoint better than the situation I once was confronted with .

2011-旅游之余To exemplify my argument, I am going to examine(審視) a case (in which a neat and clear resort is favorable and popular by tourists. )

2、數(shù)據(jù)：data/figure/statistics

(1998年誠信)Data has always no emotion and is considered neutral/impartial which will never hide/shade the truth/reality. According to a recent poll on ( ), carried out by Sina.com,
( percent of respondents/participants/subjects )
on average, six out of ten respondents would ( like to make friends with honesty person and do business with companies that carry good reputations. )

A out of B

03溺愛——Figures never tell a lie. Data that is pulled out of research findings proved that most successful persons were not born in a rich family.

(12自信)Average people like comfortable . If you do not want to end up with ordinary people, you should make your own path

(04起點(diǎn))Life is too short to be average, and you should prepare for challenge all the time

C、箴言：

As an old saying goes, (confidence ) is (powerful strength) and it takes a lifetime to figure it out.

As the proverb goes, honesty is the best policy toward life.

Protection is the best attitude toward nature.